ASTM A276 Stainless Steel Bars
- Grade: 304, 304L, 310, 310S, 316, 316L, 316Ti, 321, 347, 348, S31803, S32205, S32550, S32760, 444, 446, 431, 440A, 440B, 440C
- Manufacturing Methods: hot-finished or cold-finished
- Shapes: Rounds, Squares, Hexagons, angles, T-Shapes, Channels
Features
ASTM A276 Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
Chemical Composition (wt.%)
| Grade | UNS No. | C (max) | Mn (max) | P (max) | S (max) | Si (max) | Cr (%) | Ni (%) | Mo (%) | N (%) | Other Elements |
| 304 | S30400 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-11.0 | – | – | – |
| 304L | S30403 | 0.03 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-12.0 | – | – | – |
| 310 | S31000 | 0.25 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.5 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | – | – | – |
| 310S | S31008 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.5 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | – | – | – |
| 316 | S31600 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.00-3.00 | – | – |
| 316L | S31603 | 0.03 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.00-3.00 | – | – |
| 316Ti | S31635 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.00-3.00 | – | Ti 5(C+N)%-0.70 max |
| 321 | S32100 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | – | – | Ti 5(C+N)%-0.70 max |
| 347 | S34700 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | – | – | Cb 10xC%-1.10 |
| 348 | S34800 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | – | – | Cb + Ta 10xC%-1.10 max |
| S31803 | S31803 | 0.03 | 2 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 1 | 21.0-23.0 | 4.5-6.5 | 2.5-3.5 | 0.08-0.20 | – |
| S32205 | S32205 | 0.03 | 2 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 1 | 22.0-23.0 | 4.5-6.5 | 3.0-3.5 | 0.14-0.20 | – |
| S32550 | S32550 | 0.04 | 1.5 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1 | 24.0-27.0 | 4.5-6.5 | 2.9-3.9 | 0.10-0.25 | Cu 1.5-2.5 |
| S32760 | S32760 | 0.03 | 1 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 1 | 24.0-26.0 | 6.0-8.0 | 3.0-4.0 | 0.20-0.30 | Cu 0.50-1.00, W 0.50-1.00 |
| 444 | S44400 | 0.025 | 1 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.5-19.5 | 1 | 1.75-2.50 | 0.035 | Ti+Cb 0.20+4x(C+N)%-0.80 |
| 446 | S44600 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1 | 23.0-27.0 | 0.75 | – | – | – |
| 431 | S43100 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1 | 15.0-17.0 | 1.25-2.50 | – | – | – |
| 440A | S44002 | 0.60-0.75 | 1 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | – | 0.75 | – | – |
| 440B | S44003 | 0.75-0.95 | 1 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | – | 0.75 | – | – |
| 440C | S44004 | 0.95-1.20 | 1 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | – | 0.75 | – | – |
Mechanical Properties
| Grade | UNS Number | Tensile Strength (ksi) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (ksi) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation in 2 in. (50mm) (%) | Reduction of Area (%) | Brinell Hardness (max) |
| 304 | S30400 | 75 | 515 | 30 | 205 | 40 | 50 | – |
| 304L | S30403 | 70 | 485 | 25 | 170 | 40 | 50 | – |
| 310 | S31000 | 75 | 515 | 30 | 205 | 30 | 50 | – |
| 310S | S31008 | 75 | 515 | 30 | 205 | 30 | 50 | – |
| 316 | S31600 | 75 | 515 | 30 | 205 | 30 | 50 | – |
| 316L | S31603 | 70 | 485 | 25 | 170 | 30 | 50 | – |
| 316Ti | S31635 | 75 | 515 | 30 | 205 | 30 | 50 | – |
| 321 | S32100 | 75 | 515 | 30 | 205 | 30 | 50 | – |
| 347 | S34700 | 75 | 515 | 30 | 205 | 30 | 50 | – |
| 348 | S34800 | 75 | 515 | 30 | 205 | 30 | 50 | – |
| S31803 | S31803 | 90 | 620 | 65 | 448 | 25 | – | 290 |
| S32205 | S32205 | 95 | 655 | 65 | 450 | 25 | – | 290 |
| S32550 | S32550 | 109 | 750 | 80 | 550 | 25 | – | 290 |
| S32760 | S32760 | 109 | 750 | 80 | 550 | 25 | – | 290 |
| 444 | S44400 | 60 | 415 | 45 | 310 | 20 | 45 | 217 |
| 446 | S44600 | 65 | 450 | 40 | 275 | 20 | 45 | 219 |
| 431 | S43100 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 285 |
| 440A | S44002 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 269 |
| 440B | S44003 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 285 |
| 440C | S44004 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 285 |
Technical Specifications
| Specification | Value |
| Standard | ASTM A276 Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes |
| Grade | 304, 304L, 310, 310S, 316, 316L, 316Ti, 321, 347, 348, S31803, S32205, S32550, S32760, 444, 446, 431, 440A, 440B, 440C |
| Delivery Condition | Condition A in which the bars are annealed; Condition H in which the bars are hardened and tempered at a relative temperature; Condition T in which the bars are hardened and tempered at a relatively high temperature; Condition S in which the bars are strain hardened or relatively light cold worked; Condition B in which the bars are relatively severe cold worked. |
| MFG. Methods | Hot-finished or cold-finished bars Hot-rolled or extruded shapes |
| Shape of Bars | Rounds, Squares, Hexagons, angles, T-Shapes, Channels |
| Density | 7.93 – 7.98g/cm³ |
| Dimension | Rounds Diameter Range: 1/8 inch (3.18 mm) to 12 inches (304.8 mm) Squares Side Length Range: 1/4 inch (6.35 mm) to 6 inches (152.4 mm) Hexagons Flat-to-Flat Range: 1/4 inch (6.35 mm) to 6 inches (152.4 mm) Angles Leg Length Range: 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) to 6 inches (152.4 mm) Thickness Range: 1/8 inch (3.18 mm) to 3/4 inch (19.05 mm) T-Shapes Leg Length Range: 1 inch (25.4 mm) to 3 inches (76.2 mm) Thickness Range: 1/8 inch (3.18 mm) to 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) Channels Flange Width Range: 3/4 inch (19.05 mm) to 3 inches (76.2 mm) Web Height Range: 1 inch (25.4 mm) to 4 inches (101.6 mm) Thickness Range: 1/8 inch (3.18 mm) to 3/8 inch (9.53 mm) |
| Inspection Certificate | EN 10204 Type 3.1 (Mill Test Certificate), EN 10204 Type 3.2 (Witness Testing or 3rd Party Inspection) |
| Tests | Chemical Analysis, Tensile Test, Hardness Test, Visual and Dimensional Inspection, Intergranular Corrosion Test, Impact Test, Ultrasonic Testing |
Packing
Small diameter packed in plywood box; large diameter packed on plywood pallets.
Application
| Grade | UNS No. | Applications |
| 304 | S30400 | Food processing equipment, kitchen equipment, chemical containers, architectural trim, fasteners, and heat exchangers. |
| 304L | S30403 | Chemical and petrochemical equipment, pharmaceutical equipment, food processing, piping systems, and heat exchangers. |
| 310 | S31000 | Furnace parts, heat treatment baskets, heat exchangers, food processing equipment, and cryogenic structures. |
| 310S | S31008 | Similar to 310, used in furnace parts, heat exchangers, and high-temperature environments. |
| 316 | S31600 | Chemical processing, marine environments, medical devices, pharmaceutical equipment, and food processing. |
| 316L | S31603 | Chemical and petrochemical equipment, pharmaceutical equipment, marine applications, and medical implants. |
| 316Ti | S31635 | Heat exchangers, chemical processing equipment, and exhaust manifolds. |
| 321 | S32100 | Aircraft exhaust manifolds, expansion joints, chemical processing equipment, and heat exchangers. |
| 347 | S34700 | Aerospace components, chemical processing equipment, furnace parts, and exhaust systems. |
| 348 | S34800 | Similar to 347, used in nuclear reactor components due to low cobalt content. |
| S31803 | S31803 | Oil and gas industry, chemical processing, marine environments, and power generation. |
| S32205 | S32205 | Similar to S31803, used in oil and gas, chemical processing, marine applications, and pulp and paper industry. |
| S32550 | S32550 | Desalination plants, chemical processing, marine environments, and oil and gas industry. |
| S32760 | S32760 | Offshore oil and gas, chemical processing, marine environments, and heat exchangers. |
| 444 | S44400 | Automotive exhaust systems, hot water tanks, solar water heaters, and heat exchanger tubes. |
| 446 | S44600 | High-temperature industrial equipment, furnace parts, boiler baffles, and kiln linings. |
| 431 | S43100 | Aircraft components, marine applications, pump shafts, valves, bolts, and nuts. |
| 440A | S44002 | Cutlery, surgical instruments, chisels, and rolling bearings. |
| 440B | S44003 | Similar to 440A, used for cutlery, surgical instruments, and tools. |
| 440C | S44004 | High hardness applications, such as bearing parts, molds, and high-quality knife blades. |
