ASTM A479 Stainless Steel Bars for Boilers
- Grade: 304, 304L, 304H, 304LN, 309S, 310S, 310H, 316, 316L, 316H, 316Ti, 316LN, 321, 321H, 347, 347H, 348, 348H, S38815, S31803, S32205, S32550, S32750, S32760, S32906, S40500,S43000, S43035, S44400, S43100
- Manufacturing Methods: hot-finished or cold-finished
- Shapes: Rounds, Squares, Hexagons, angles, T-Shapes, Channels
Features
ASTM A479/A479M Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
Chemical Composition (wt.%)
| Grade | C % | Mn % | P % | S % | Si % | Cr % | Ni % | Mo % | Other Elements |
| 304 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-11.0 | – | – |
| 304L | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-13.0 | – | – |
| 304H | 0.04-0.10 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-11.0 | – | – |
| 304LN | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-11.0 | – | – |
| 309S | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 22.0-24.0 | 12.0-15.0 | – | – |
| 310S | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.50 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | – | – |
| 310H | 0.04-0.10 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.50 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | – | – |
| 316 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | – |
| 316L | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | – |
| 316H | 0.04-0.10 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | – |
| 316Ti | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | Ti: 5(C+N)-0.70 |
| 316LN | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | – |
| 321 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | – | Ti: 5(C+N)-0.70 |
| 321H | 0.04-0.10 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | – | Ti: 5(C+N)-0.70 |
| 347 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | – | Cb: 10*C-1.0 |
| 347H | 0.04-0.10 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | – | Cb: 10*C-1.0 |
| 348 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | – | Cb+Ta: 10*C-1.0, Ta: 0.10 |
| 348H | 0.04-0.10 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | – | Cb+Ta: 10*C-1.0, Ta: 0.10 |
| S38815 | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.020 | 5.50-6.50 | 13.0-15.0 | 15.0-17.0 | 0.75-1.50 | Al: 0.30; Cu: 0.75-1.50 |
| S31803 | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.030 | 0.020 | 1.00 | 21.0-23.0 | 4.5-6.5 | 2.5-3.5 | – |
| S32205 | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.030 | 0.020 | 1.00 | 22.0-23.0 | 4.5-6.5 | 3.0-3.5 | – |
| S32550 | 0.04 | 1.50 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 24.0-27.0 | 4.5-6.5 | 2.9-3.9 | – |
| S32750 | 0.03 | 1.20 | 0.035 | 0.020 | 0.80 | 24.0-26.0 | 6.0-8.0 | 3.0-5.0 | – |
| S32760 | 0.03 | 1.00 | 0.030 | 0.010 | 1.00 | 24.0-26.0 | 6.0-8.0 | 3.0-4.0 | – |
| S32906 | 0.03 | 1.50 | 0.030 | 0.010 | 1.00 | 27.0-30.0 | 4.5-6.5 | 3.0-5.0 | – |
| S40500 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 11.50-14.50 | – | – | – |
| S43000 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16.00-18.00 | – | – | – |
| S43035 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16.00-18.00 | – | – | – |
| S44400 | 0.025 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.010 | 1.00 | 18.00-20.00 | 1.75-2.50 | – | – |
| S43100 | 0.2 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 15.00-17.00 | – | – | – |
Mechanical Properties
| Type | Tensile Strength (ksi) | Yield Strength (ksi) | Elongation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 304 | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 304L | 70 | 25 | 40 |
| 304H | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 304LN | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 309S | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 310S | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 310H | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 316 | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 316L | 70 | 25 | 40 |
| 316H | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 316Ti | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 316LN | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 321 | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 321H | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 347 | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 347H | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 348 | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| 348H | 75 | 30 | 40 |
| S38815 | 120 | 80 | 25 |
| S31803 | 90 | 65 | 25 |
| S32205 | 90 | 65 | 25 |
| S32550 | 110 | 80 | 15 |
| S32750 | 110 | 80 | 15 |
| S32760 | 110 | 80 | 15 |
| S32906 | 116 | 87 | 18 |
| S40500 | 60 | 35 | 20 |
| S43000 | 60 | 35 | 22 |
| S43035 | 60 | 35 | 22 |
| S44400 | 60 | 40 | 20 |
| S43100 | 100 | 75 | 15 |
Technical Specifications
| Specification | Value |
| Standard | ASTM A479/A479M Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels |
| Grade | 304, 304L, 304H, 304LN, 309S, 310S, 310H, 316, 316L, 316H, 316Ti, 316LN, 321, 321H, 347, 347H, 348, 348H, S38815, S31803, S32205, S32550, S32750, S32760, S32906, S40500,S43000, S43035, S44400, S43100 |
| Delivery Condition | Normalized, Tempered, Annealed, Quenched |
| MFG. Methods | Hot-finished or cold-finished bars Hot-rolled or extruded shapes |
| Shape of Bars | Rounds, Squares, Hexagons, angles, T-Shapes, Channels |
| Density | 7.93 – 7.98g/cm³ |
| Dimension | Rounds Diameter Range: 1/8 inch (3.18 mm) to 12 inches (304.8 mm) Squares Side Length Range: 1/4 inch (6.35 mm) to 6 inches (152.4 mm) Hexagons Flat-to-Flat Range: 1/4 inch (6.35 mm) to 6 inches (152.4 mm) Angles Leg Length Range: 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) to 6 inches (152.4 mm) Thickness Range: 1/8 inch (3.18 mm) to 3/4 inch (19.05 mm) T-Shapes Leg Length Range: 1 inch (25.4 mm) to 3 inches (76.2 mm) Thickness Range: 1/8 inch (3.18 mm) to 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) Channels Flange Width Range: 3/4 inch (19.05 mm) to 3 inches (76.2 mm) Web Height Range: 1 inch (25.4 mm) to 4 inches (101.6 mm) Thickness Range: 1/8 inch (3.18 mm) to 3/8 inch (9.53 mm) |
| Inspection Certificate | EN 10204 Type 3.1 (Mill Test Certificate), EN 10204 Type 3.2 (Witness Testing or 3rd Party Inspection) |
| Tests | Chemical Analysis, Tensile Test, Hardness Test, Visual and Dimensional Inspection, Intergranular Corrosion Test, Impact Test, Ultrasonic Testing |
Packing
Small diameter packed in plywood box; large diameter packed on plywood pallets.
Application
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Construction:
Pressure Vessels: Utilized in constructing high-pressure vessels due to their high strength and resistance to high temperatures and pressure.
Heat Exchangers: This material is essential for heat exchanger tubes and parts, benefiting from its excellent thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance.
Chemical Processing Equipment:
Reactors and Tanks: These are used in chemical reactors and storage tanks where resistance to corrosion from various chemicals is crucial.
Piping Systems: Piping systems are employed in piping and plumbing systems within chemical plants, where durability and corrosion resistance are essential.
Oil and Gas Industry:
Pipeline Components: Used for pipelines and associated components in the oil and gas industry, offering resistance to corrosive environments.
Offshore Structures: These are essential in constructing offshore oil rigs and platforms due to their robustness and resistance to saline conditions.
Food and Beverage Industry:
Processing Equipment: Used in food processing equipment where sanitary conditions and resistance to food acids are important.
Storage and Handling: It is ideal for storage tanks, mixers, and conveyors due to its ease of cleaning and non-reactive nature.
Pharmaceutical Industry:
Manufacturing Equipment: Utilized in manufacturing pharmaceutical products, ensuring contamination-free production due to its non-reactive properties.
Sterile Environments: Suitable for use in sterile and clean room environments due to its ability to maintain high standards of cleanliness.
Aerospace and Defense:
Structural Components: Used in constructing aircraft and spacecraft components that require high strength-to-weight ratios and resistance to extreme environments.
Fasteners and Fittings: Essential for fasteners, fittings, and various small precision components within aerospace applications.
Automotive Industry:
Exhaust Systems: Employed in manufacturing exhaust systems and components, providing durability under high temperatures and corrosive conditions.
Engine Components: Used in various engine parts that demand high performance and reliability.
Marine Applications:
Shipbuilding: This material is essential for components in shipbuilding, including hulls, propellers, and fittings, where resistance to seawater corrosion is vital.
Dock and Harbor Equipment: Used in the construction of docks, harbor equipment, and coastal infrastructure due to its resilience in saline environments.
